Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part F. Constructions. Applied Sciences

ASSESSMENT OF THE AMOUNT OF POLLUTANTS RELEASED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENTAL LEAKS INTO THE ENVIRONMENT

2025-04-18T10:21:44+00:00

The article presents an analysis of emergency diesel fuel leaks and their impact on the environment. Examples of emergency situations are described, according to which calculations of the time of fuel leakage through technological openings from storage tanks are carried out. Emphasis is placed on the assessment of environmental risks associated with soil and water pollution, as well as measures to prevent leaks. The article emphasizes the importance of timely detection and elimination of leaks, as well as the development of effective measures to prevent them to improve environmental safety at petroleum product storage facilities.

STAGES OF REWETTING IN THE PEAT EXTRACTED AREA OF THE IVANOVSKOYE FEN PEAT DEPOSIT

2025-04-18T10:37:39+00:00

The article was discussed the main stages of rewetting of the cut-away Ivanovskoye fen peat deposit based on eight years of observations. Analysis of the main parameters of groundwater levels (high, average, low annual and monthly values of groundwater levels and amplitude of fluctuations, as well as the course of the curve relative to the earth's surface), values of redox potential, total mineralization, acidity, succession of vegetation and greenhouse gas emissions (CO2-eq.) allowed us to conclude that the peatland undergoes three stages of restoration after the implementation of environmental rehabilitation measures. The measures were contributed to an increase in the average annual values of groundwater levels to the level of the earth's surface, the restoration of the species diversity of fen phytocoenoses (currently reed-sedge phytocenoses predominate) and a 2.4-fold reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.

CARBON DIOXIDE AND METHANE EMISSIONS FROM SIMULATED REWETTING OF FEN PEATLAND WITH DIFFERENT COMPOSITION OF VEGETATION COVER

2025-04-18T10:55:38+00:00

Currently, environmental rehabilitation of peat deposits that have been retired from commercial operation is recommended at the legislative level for all business entities. However, in the first year after rewetting, increased emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are observed due to rotting and decomposition of waterless valley vegetation. In this regard, a number of experiments were performed in the laboratory to determine the contribution to greenhouse gas fluxes due to the decomposition of dry meadow grasses, Juncus communis and canary reed. It has been established that the removal of the upper root layer of peat during the implementation of measures for the environmental rehabilitation of a peatland with a predominance of meadow grasses will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 5.5–5.8 times, with a predominance of a spreading Juncus communis – by 11.8–21.9 times, and with a dominant species of reed canary – by 8.1–13.7 times.

APPROXIMATIONS OF CONCRETE DEFORMATION DIAGRAMS IN THE NONLINEAR CALCULATION OF NON-CENTRALLY COMPRESSED TUBULAR CONCRETE ELEMENTS

2025-04-18T08:26:33+00:00

The possibility of using some approximations of concrete deformation diagrams to calculate non-centrally compressed tubular concrete elements is considered. The results of nonlinear calculation of stress-strain state parameters are compared with experimental data from the formed sample of studies. Approximation of the concrete deformation diagram with a horizontal section following the peak point makes it possible to obtain stress-strain state parameters that are more consistent with experimental data.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARTISTIC CATEGORY IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE IN BELARUS

2025-04-18T08:45:11+00:00

In historical retrospect it is considered the development of architectural and artistic aspects of industrial design. Belarussian practice is presented in the time interval of the 19th – early 21st centuries with an emphasis on following global trends and regional peculiarities.

THE CALCULATION SOFTWARE SELECTION FOR THE RAILWAY ROADBEDS HIGH MOUNDS SLOPE STABILITY

2025-04-18T08:54:20+00:00

The paper is devoted to the slope stability calculating software overview and calculation testing results comparison in the flat formulation. A railway high embankment of homogeneous soil was taken for the example calculations. Software based on both analytical (limit equilibrium method) and numerical methods (shear reduction method) was used for the calculations.

POLOTSK BERNARDINE MONASTERY: PREMISES SURVEY OF THE CELL BUILDING

2025-04-18T09:08:49+00:00

The article presents the findings of a survey conducted on premises of the cell building of the Polotsk Bernardine Monastery. The premises survey revealed a number of alterations and fillings of the original window and door openings, niches, and vaults, as well as the presence of different layers of paint in the rooms. The preservation of the primary structural elements, including the internal bearing walls and vaults, makes the cell building unique among the Catholic monastic ensembles in Polotsk. The building has architectural and archaeological potential. In conjunction with the ensemble of the Polotsk Jesuit College, it can be considered an encyclopedia of structural solutions employed in monastic construction in Polotsk during the XVIII century.

The results of the cell building survey, when considered alongside the available written and pictorial sources, permit not only the restoration of the original decoration of the building's external facades, but also the interiors of its rooms at various historical periods of the building's existence. The findings of the research should inform the decision-making process regarding the building's new functional purpose and design. Furthermore, they should guide the implementation of building works that not only preserve the monument but also museumise its architectural and interior elements.

VISUAL INSPECTION OF THE BLIND AREA OF A RIVETED VERTICAL TANK FOR STORING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

2025-04-18T09:15:48+00:00

A brief analysis of the requirements of the regulatory literature of the early 20th century on the design of vertical steel tanks is carried out. The technical characteristics of a vertical riveted steel tank, built in 1934 in the south of the Republic of Belarus, intended for storage of diesel fuel, are given. The article contains images provided to illustrate the current state of the cobblestone-reinforced blind area of the reservoir under study. As a result of the visual inspection surface defects of the concrete coating of the reinforced blind area of the tank were revealed, as well as some inconsistencies with the requirements of the current regulatory documentation. The conclusion is given about the relevance of conducting a study of the possibility of using blind area device technologies developed at the beginning of the XX century using modern building materials while meeting the requirements of modern regulatory documentation.

MATRIX GENERALIZATION OF TOPOCENTRIC COORDINATE TRANSFORMATIONS

2025-04-18T10:08:47+00:00

The article presents the possibility of generalizing the transformations of various types of topocentric coordinates using a matrix form, which makes the transformation procedures themselves more understandable, compact and reversible with the least computational and theoretical costs.