Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part F. Constructions. Applied Sciences

CLASSIFICATION OF PRODUCTS OF SELECTIVE GRINDING OF GLASS PLASTIC WASTE

E. FEDAROVICH — 2025-11-26

It is proposed to use a multistage classification technology, including pneumatic classification and mechanical separation on a sieve, to obtain secondary fibrous material from the products of selective grinding of fiberglass production waste. A developed installation for studying the process of selective grinding of fiberglass waste, including a classification stage, is presented. The results of experimental studies of the extraction of under-crushed material, small fibers and particles of crushed polymer matrix from the products of selective grinding of waste, trimmings of fiberglass based on the binder Depol S-180 PT and fiberglass rods based on ED-20 are presented. Rational values of the average air flow velocity on the classifier cross-sections are determined, allowing the most efficient implementation of the pneumatic classification process in a rotor-gravity classifier. The diameter of the sieve holes is selected necessary for high-quality separation of polymer matrix particles from the fibrous fraction. The content of glass fiber in the obtained fibrous material was determined by means of the burning method. The presented technological scheme allows to extract fibrous material from the products of crushing fiberglass waste, which can be used as a raw material in the production of new products.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF MECHANICAL JOINTS IN THE FORM OF CONCRETE DOWELS IN WOOD-CONCRETE STRUCTURES

D. LAZOUSKI — 2025-11-26

The main mechanical joints of wood and concrete in wood-concrete structures are considered, and a type of connection is proposed by means of concrete dowels formed during concreting of a wooden element with a drilled hole. A methodology for conducting experimental studies and a special test bench for determining the strength and deformability of samples during shear has been developed, which makes it possible to simulate the operation of a wood-concrete element during bending. Samples of wood-concrete structures have been manufactured and tested. The destruction of the sample (complete displacement of concrete relative to wood) occurred according to a brittle pattern due to the cut of the concrete dowel along the contact line of wood and concrete. The analysis of the results showed that the strength of concrete and the geometric dimensions of the cross-section of concrete dowels have a significant effect on the strength of the considered type of joint. A method for calculating the strength of wood-concrete bendable elements during shear along the contact of wood and concrete, based on the positions of the deformation calculation model, is proposed. The conducted studies have led to the conclusion about the effectiveness of the mechanical connection of concrete and wood in the form of concrete dowels of circular cross-section and the need for additional experimental and theoretical studies in composite wood-concrete bendable elements.

PRACTICAL CALCULATION OF STABILITY TO PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE OF A 10-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH INCREASED PITCH OF TRANSVERSE LOAD-BEARING WALLS

D. LAZOUSKI — 2025-11-26

The article presents the results of practical application of the "local" strength method in the linear static calculation of internal forces of structural elements with a modified calculation scheme and nonlinear analysis of cross-sections of structural elements of a panel residential building with an increased step of transverse walls and loop connections of adjacent floor slabs at platform joints.

The conducted study of the structural system of a 10-story 2-section multi-apartment residential building with a step of load-bearing walls of 6.4 m shows compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents for strength and stability in a normal design situation and against progressive collapse in a special design situation.

DEFORMATION RESISTANCE OF STONE MASTIC ASPHALT MIXTURE WITH A COMPOSITE BIO-BINDER

A. AFANASENKA — 2025-11-26

This study investigates the deformation resistance of a Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixture based on a composite bio-binder, addressing the critical challenge in pavement materials science of finding alternatives to petroleum-based binders. A key problem with many existing bio-binders is their poor high-temperature performance, which leads to reduced resistance to plastic deformation. For a comparative evaluation, two mixtures with identical aggregate gradation were produced: a control mixture with conventional bitumen and a test mixture with the developed composite bio-binder. The rutting resistance was evaluated using the wheel tracking test according to the T 0719-2011 (JTG E20-2011) standard. It was established that the use of the composite bio-binder resulted in a 77,3% reduction in rut depth compared to the control mixture. The results indicate the high efficiency of the developed binder in improving resistance to plastic deformation and open up prospects for its application in pavement structures operating under high-temperature conditions and heavy traffic loads.

MODIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL AND SORPTION PROPERTIES OF ZEOLITE DURING REMOVAL OF AMMONIUM AND IRON IONS FROM GROUNDWATER

E. VELYUGO — 2025-11-26

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on the changes in the textural and adsorption characteristics of the natural zeolite brand "Tseol" during its operation as a filter medium in second-stage filters at an iron removal plant. Water vapor adsorption-desorption methods at 20°C established that operation leads to a statistically significant reduction in the specific surface area (from 251.92 to 225.97 m²/g by the BET method) and the total pore volume (from 75.013 to 67.285 cm³/g). Based on the experimental data, a hydrochemical model of the loading operation cycle combining sorption and ion exchange was developed. To preserve the service life of the filter medium, optimization of the preceding treatment stage aimed at reducing iron and organic substance concentrations in the feed water is necessary.

PRESERVATION OF TRADITIONS IN TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE DURING THE RESTORATION OF ALEXANDER NEVSKY CHURCH IN MINSK

R. PLATONOVA — 2025-11-26

The history of creation and the stages of restoration of Alexander Nevsky Church in Minsk with its emphasis on preserving the traditional characteristics of temple Belarusian architecture is considered. The space-planning and structural features of the 19th century building are analyzed. Based on previously completed repair work and reconstruction of load-bearing and enclosing elements in 2015–2018, as well as the restoration of the interior, a restoration project for this church was developed in 2023. This contribution will ensure its preservation for future generations.

GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF STEEL VERTICAL CYLINDRICAL TANKS DETERMINATION AT THE SURVEY STAGE

V. JALTYHOV — 2025-11-26

The article provides an overview of existing traditional methods for tank walls deformation determining and discusses a new technology for results of geodetic surveying of vertical steel tanks using an electronic total station mathematical processing. The existing methods are mainly based on calculating the tank shell surface deviations from the vertical line along the generatrices and plotting graphs to visualize the results. The values of the tank wall deformation are then compared with the tolerances specified in regulatory documents. The authors propose an algorithm for processing measurements, which allows for an analytical determination of the tank walls and bottom deformations correlation, as well as obtaining more visual graphical information for analyzing the values and directions of the entire tank deformations. The proposed algorithm allows for a reliable residual resource of the tank assessment, which is necessary for making decisions on extending its service life or performing necessary maintenance.