Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part C. Fundamental Sciences

HUMAN 3D POSE ESTIMATION BASED ON 2D KEYPOINTS

2025-04-22T08:13:09+00:00

In the presented work, innovative low-sampling lightweight architecture is proposed to solve the task of 3D human pose estimation based on 2D key points. The approach introduces specialized trainable pose encodings designed for 3D pose estimation tasks, which are used in conjunction with traditional pose encodings to represent the input data. The architecture of the method includes multilevel feature processing and their adaptive association using a spatial attention mechanism, which allows to enhance relevant features. Experiments conducted on standard test datasets confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method: a mean joint position error (MPJPE) value of 42.1 was achieved, which exceeds the results of existing approaches.

SYNTHESIS OF NONDETERMINISTIC FINITE AUTOMATON FROM REGULAR EXPRESSIONS BY GLUSHKOV'S ALGORITHM IN JFF FORMAT

2025-04-22T08:26:13+00:00

The paper presents the results of the implementation of a software tool for synthesizing nondeterministic finite automaton using regular expressions in JFF format. Glushkov's algorithm is used as a method for synthesizing automata. When developing the program, the integrated development environment for the Python – Visual Studio Code, the JFLAP software package for visualizing finite automaton, as well as the Python libraries xml.etree and pythonds were used.

DYNAMIC SYSTEM WITH FEEDBACK CONTROL MODEL FOR THE SOCIO-CULTURAL PROCESS REGULATION UNDER DIAGNOSTICS INACCURACY

2025-04-22T08:54:33+00:00

This paper examines the problem of modeling socio-cultural processes using dynamic control systems. The issues of describing a controlled object of socio-cultural space by a set of measurable indicators obtained by parameterizing qualitative characteristics are considered. Approaches to modeling the processes of regulating the value orientations of an actor in socio-cultural space to achieve socially significant goals using dynamic systems with feedback control are proposed. An algorithm for constructing optimal control with feedback in discrete time within constraints on control resources and measurements inaccuracy is developed. A model based on Hofstede's socio-cultural dimensions is considered as an example.

METHOD OF IMAGE BRIGHTNESS CONVERSION TO HELP PEOPLE WITH ACHROMATOPSIA IN VISUAL PERCEPTION OF INFORMATION

2025-04-22T09:06:55+00:00

The article considers such a rare and severe anomaly of color vision as achromatopsia, and analyzes existing methods designed to help achromatopes in the correct perception of visual information. The developed method of image brightness transformation is presented, aimed at helping people with complete achromatopsia in distinguishing similar colors in their perception, where the similarity is determined according to the color discrimination threshold indicator. In addition, this method takes into account the features of color perception of achromatopes by providing the ability to use a personalized brightness transformation coefficient. As a result of checking the method for correctness of operation using the simulation of achromatopic vision, an increase in the colorimetric deviation between colors previously indistinguishable by achromatopes was noted and, accordingly, the ability to distinguish such colors from each other appeared. The loss of contrast between the original color image and the recolorized grayscale image is reduced.

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS BASED ON SOLVING A DUAL LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEM

2025-04-22T10:22:17+00:00

The analysis of the formulation and solution of the problem of increasing the efficiency of the production process of a multi-nomenclature serial production of a machine-building enterprise is carried out. The features of the development of a mathematical model based on linear programming methods are considered. Algorithms for constructing a dual task for analyzing resource scarcity based on the use of aggregation and reduction mechanisms have been developed. The results of the research conducted on a test example are shown, which, despite its small dimensions, demonstrates all the features of solving the problem. The research results are embodied in the automated control system developed at the Department of the Belarusian-Russian University, which is undergoing testing, after which it will be ready for use at an industrial enterprise.

FILMS OF THE NEGATIVE PHOTORESIST AZ nLOF 5510, IRRADIATED BY ELECTRONS

2025-04-22T10:36:00+00:00

The method of IR-spectroscopy using a module for diffuse reflection, the films of negative photoresists AZ nLOF 5510 thick of 0,99 μm, applied to the surface of the silicon plates by centrifugation, were studied. Electron irradiation with an energy of 3,5 MeV dose to 7∙10¹⁶ cm^-2 was carried out on ELU-4 linear accelerator of electrons. It is shown that the carbon-hydrogen bonds of the main component of the photoresist – phenol-formaldehyde resin - are stable up to doses ~ (1–3)∙10¹⁶ cm^-2. The bands associated with the solvent disappear from the spectrum at doses of irradiation < 1∙10¹⁵ cm^-2. In the interval of wave numbers 1620–1660 cm^-1 during irradiation bands arise due to formaldehyde formed as a result of the β-fragmentation of oxygen-centered radical. Bands associated with the vibrations of the aromatic ring are quite stable. Their intensity is significantly reduced only at the dose of F = 7∙10¹⁶ cm^-2. In the area of valence fluctuations of multiple C=O bonds, overlapping, a complex restructuring of the spectrum was observed, due to several processes that occur due to the interaction of the components of the photoresist during radiation with electrons. In particular, the transformation of the nearest deputies of C=O bonds may be observed, the cross-linking of molecules, an increase in the number of conjugated multiple bonds as a result of the formation of chinoid structures.

FEATURES OF MICROWAVE PROCESSING OF ORGANIC MATERIALS SUSPENSIONS IN AUTOTHERMAL MODE

2025-04-22T11:02:56+00:00

In a numerical experiment of microwave torrefaction of a suspension of organic material, when part of the heat for heating comes from an exothermic decomposition reaction, it was shown that the gas release of decomposition products significantly changes the dielectric properties of the medium and the heat exchange conditions, which must be taken into account to ensure controllability of the temperature regime.

INDENTATION OF NEGATIVE PHOTORESIST FILMS FOR LIFT-OFF LITHOGRAPHY

2025-04-22T11:19:42+00:00

Films of the AZ nLOF 2020, AZ nLOF 2070 and AZ nLOF 5510 negative photoresists (PR) with a thickness of 0,95 – 6,1 μm, deposited on the surface of silicon wafers by the centrifugation method, were studied by the indentation method. It was experimentally established that the behavior of AZ nLOF 5510 and AZ nLOF 20XX series photoresists during indentation differs dramatically. AZ nLOF 5510 films have high adhesion to silicon; not even single cases of cracking or peeling of films from the silicon substrate were observed. Additional stabilizing treatment and ion etching of AZ nLOF5510 films leads to their embrittlement and an increase in microhardness by 50 % – from 0,14 to 0,21 GPa. The strength and adhesive properties of the AZ nLOF 20XX series films are significantly worse than those of AZ nLOF 5510. The fracture toughness coefficient K_1C (crack resistance) of the AZ nLOF 20XX films varied within 3,1–3,8 MPa·m^1/2 and increased slightly after stabilizing treatment and ion etching. The specific peel energy G was 0,185 J/m² for AZ nLOF 2020 and 0,63 J/m² for AZ nLOF 2070. Ion etching resulted in a sharp (~ 30-fold) decrease in the G values. The true microhardness of the AZ nLOF 20XX series films was within 0,1– 0,2 GPa and increased after stabilizing treatment and ion etching, which is due to the cross-linking of photoresist molecules. The obtained experimental data are explained taking into account the ordering of the photoresist film structure near the PR/silicon interface due to the orientation of molecules and conformational changes in the structure of the main component of the photoresist - phenol-formaldehyde resin. The differences in the strength and adhesive properties of the AZ nLOF 20XX series photoresists are associated with the presence of residual solvent in the films.

SHOCK-WAVE PROCESSES IN METALS DURING MECHANICAL TREATMENT USING THE ELECTROPLASTIC EFFECT

2025-04-22T11:46:46+00:00

When processing metals by pressure, various types of additional physical influence are used in the form of heating, mechanical shock, vibration, acoustic ultrasonic irradiation, and electric pulse influence. Such impacts, in particular, are associated with manifestations of the oscillatory motion of material particles, which can be considered as a trigger for the movement of dislocations and structural inhomogeneities of the material. Such inhomogeneities can be in conditions of a residual mechanical stress state, which, under oscillatory influence, leads to their movement and transition to a more stable state. Such processes are accompanied by improved mechanical properties and deformation processes with increased plasticity. The work examines some features of the manifestation of such oscillatory processes that arise under additional external influences, which can be used in the development of metal forming technologies in order to reduce resistance to deformation and improve the structure of materials.

ACCOUNTING FOR PARTICLE CONCENTRATION IN THE MODE OF LOW-FREQUENCY INTERACTION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES WITH ANISOTROPIC MEDIA

2025-04-22T12:03:52+00:00

The influence of particle concentration on electrodynamic characteristics of anisotropic media in the mode of low-frequency interaction of electromagnetic waves has been studied. The characteristics of rocks above hydrocarbons have been studied taking into account the requirements of multifactor analysis. The ranges of electron and ion concentrations with different degrees of influence on the change in the material and phase components of the tensor for the right and left polarizations of electromagnetic waves have been established. It has been noted that the use of a wide range of frequencies of probing signals expands the possibilities for increasing the efficiency of geological exploration. The obtained results of mathematical modeling of interaction can be used for exploration geophysics in order to detect oil and gas deposits.

INTEGRATION OF RATIONAL FRACTION AND IDENTICAL RELATIONS OF ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS OF COMPLEX ARGUMENT

2025-04-22T12:19:20+00:00

The correctness of the unified approach to integration of rational fractions is justified if there is a product of linear complex conjugate polynomials in the denominator. On its basis, a procedure has been implemented that made it possible to express the real and imaginary parts of the natural logarithm of a complex argument through elementary functions of two variables. This made it possible to prove Euler's formula without using power series theory.

SOLUTION OF ONE CLASS OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL INTEGRAL EQUATIONS OF THE FIRST KIND WITH MITTAG-LEFFLER FUNCTION IN KERNELS

2025-04-22T12:27:17+00:00

One class of multidimensional integral equations of the first kind with Mittag-Leffler function in kernels over a bounded pyramidal domain of a special form is considered. Following the technique of Ya. Tamarkin, explicit formulas for the solution of the considered multidimensional integral equations are derived. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of such equations in spaces of summable functions are established.