INSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEES FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS: EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Abstract

The article examines the main existing institutional guarantees that ensure the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms in foreign countries. Analyzed are judicial protection mechanisms, the activities of prejudicial bodies, as well as mechanisms of extrajudicial protection. The author emphasizes that the protection of human rights and freedoms is a constitutional obligation of the state. Special attention is paid to special mechanisms for the protection of human rights, such as the Commissioner for Human Rights, the activities of various bodies of constitutional control; indicates the importance of extrajudicial mechanisms for the protection of rights and freedoms. The author analyzes methods of direct protection of rights and freedoms, as well as the role of executive and legislative authorities as elements of indirect protection.