DIGITAL PROTECTIONISM: TRENDS IN REGULATING CROSS-BORDER DIGITAL FLOWS
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Abstract
In the digital economy era, data has become a strategic asset, and cross-border flows of information are essential to global trade and innovation. Amid rising cybersecurity threats, the dominance of major digital platforms, and intensified geoeconomic rivalry, states have adopted digital protectionist measures to safeguard sovereignty and support national firms. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of digital protectionism practices, identifies core instruments, institutional underpinnings, and economic impacts – especially on SMEs and innovation – and outlines policy recommendations to balance national interests and global digital openness.
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