CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF BIOECONOMY

Abstract

The authors analyze the constitutional principles that form the basis for the legal regulation of bioeconomic activity in the Republic of Belarus, in particular, the principle of the priority of the interests of society over the implementation of bioeconomic activity, the principle of ensuring the dignity of the individual in the process of using biotechnology, the principle of separation of powers in the framework of bioeconomic activity, the principle of environmental safety, the principle of transparency of decisions made in the field of bioeconomics, the principle of voluntary research of human biomaterial, the principle of equality of all before the law and the prohibition of all forms of discrimination. The authors propose introducing a new concept, «bioeconomic security», which will ensure a balance between the development of innovative biotechnologies and the risks of their commercialization, while protecting the interests of individuals, society, and the state. They also substantiate the introduction of a new term, "genetic sovereignty of the individual," which will define the boundaries of the non-recognition of a person as their genome in bioeconomic activities. In order to increase the level of constitutional and legal protection of public interests in the field of bioeconomics, the article proposes amendments and additions to the Law of the Republic of Belarus «On Healthcare», the Law of the Republic of Belarus «On the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus», etc.