FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEXT COMPETENCE: FROM PHILOSOPHICAL SOURCES TO DIGITAL METHODS OF FORMATION

Abstract

This article examines the historical development and current state of development of methods for developing foreign-language textual competence. The author traces the evolution of scientific views, from W. von Humboldt's philosophical ideas about language as "energy" and M.M. Bakhtin's dialogic concept, through N. Chomsky's linguistic revolution, who introduced the concept of "competence," to D. Hymes's communicative approach and the works of the founders of text linguistics, R.-A. de Beaugrand and W. Dressler. Particular attention is paid to the development of a text-centric approach in linguodidactics in the 1990s and the formation of the concept of "foreign-language textual competence" as the ability to interact interculturally through text. The article presents a contemporary three-level teaching model (pretext, textual, and post-textual stages) and characterizes the basic methodological approaches (communicative-activity, cognitive, and intercultural). The article also examines current strategies for working with text, the role of information and communication technologies and authentic materials, and the specifics of developing competence in various categories of learners.