ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF THE CITIES OF POLOTSK AND NOVOPOLOTSK

Abstract

The analysis of road accidents in Polotsk and Novopolotsk over a five-year period is given, while the total number of road accidents at the end of this period decreased, but the severity coefficient increased. Distribution of accidents by months of the year, days of the week and time of day has been established. The greatest number of accidents is observed in the autumn-winter period with the most unfavorable weather conditions. Most of the accidents occurred on weekdays, with the peak in the middle of the week. The distribution of accidents over the time of day showed three distinct peak periods: morning (from 7 to 9 h), lunch (from 14 to 15 h) and evening (from 17 to 20 h). The morning and evening peak periods are equally dangerous in terms of the severity of the consequences of accidents, but the evening peak is more extended in time. About half of the accidents occurred in the dark. The largest number of accidents is associated with collisions with pedestrians due to violation of the rules of travel of unregulated pedestrian crossings. The poor condition of the roadway surface (ice, wet surface, rolling snow) aggravates the increase in the number of accidents. The streets of Polotsk and Novopolotsk, where the largest number of accidents occurred, with an indication of their causes, were identified. The total annual volume of air emissions from all road vehicles has been established, with the allocation of the share of emissions from route vehicles, including emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases. Measures are proposed to reduce accidents and reduce emissions into the atmosphere.